Information Security Profile for Air Force Reserve Command

Introduction The United States Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) incorporates operations, technological adjustments in war fighting and develops Airmen. This body deters nuclear operations, command and control, offers combat support, and ensures superiority on cyberspace. Since it offers services to third parties, the public, it has outlined some controls to make sure that its set standards are not overstepped (U.S Air Force Reserve Snapshot, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Information Security Profile for Air Force Reserve Command specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, AFRC aims at long-term and high value services to the entire concerned partners and clients. For example, in managing its information system, the body ensures that there are well explained and coordinated procedures of handling the whole information. These may include channels of communication and modalities that the information must f ollow to the required destination, the precautions that must be taken when handling such information, and the parties that can get access to information. These rules assist AFRC in upholding democratic processes in the entire society; hence, ensuring accountability and transparency among societal leaders. Notably, information confidentiality is an essential factor in determining the modalities, channels and delivery systems (U.S Air Force Reserve Snapshot, 2012). Again, the number and kind of people who are authorized to handle such information and fundamental elements that are determined in information processing. On the other front, the drastic and steady change in technology has forced the AFRC to apply controls, which could help to minimize illegal access to some information by third parties. Worst still, some third parties can un-authentically gain access to these pieces of information and even go ahead to block the messages from further access. This information vulnerability m akes it a necessity to set up controls that can help guard the reports (Freedom of Information Act, n.d.). For instance, illegal access to information in a website do not require forceful intrusion and the hacker must not be close the owners to break into their infrastructural system. Since AFRC is a national organization, it needs to ensure that its plans and operations are secretly guarded to avert information leakage to the wrong parties. Controls and specified standards The specialized force only under exemptions allows some individuals to gain access to information that is not meant for the public. This control helps to maintain the secrets that are contained in the messages, as there are properly-guided procedures under which a person can view some information (Freedom of Information Act, n.d.). Only verified people can access these pieces of information with prior knowledge of the specialized force. From this perspective, AFRC is attempting to practice information authenticit y.Advertising Looking for report on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, this control shows that although AFRC established a website on Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), there are procedures that one has to follow in order to gain access to information. Evidently, an individual’s information freedom is controlled. The control helps the Reserve Command to maintain their set standard on information accessibility by third parties. Additionally, there is a control on information accessibility by any person. This occurs when one of the outlined nine exemptions prohibits information disclosure to the public. The protection to federal agency records is also guarded by the special law enforcement record exclusions (Freedom of Information Act, n.d.). Precisely, one of the three laws upholds the inaccessibility of such information. A control of this nature guarantees information privacy. For example, one cannot gain access to such information that should not be disclosed to the public even though one has a right to seek judicial address from the court of law. As a result, there is control on information accessibility; it ensures adherence to standards by preventing an unauthenticated access to information. However, not all information is kept off the public’s access, as they become informed on the fundamental functions of democratically elected leaders; therefore, being able to hold them accountable of any misconduct. At the same time, it encourages leadership transparency by minimizing unethical practices like corruption and nepotism. Moreover, there is a control that AFRC applies to records held by individuals, courts, and local government bodies. It holds that the citizens must request for information access in the records that the above listed bodies hold. Remarkably, individual states have their own managerial laws that guide their operations (Military Introduction, n.d.). Therefore, people have to consult their respective states in order to access these pieces of information. At AFRC, FOIA only guards federal agencies; therefore, there is no authenticity in accessing other records from institutions like the courts. Another control that this organization monitors, that is the fees for processing FOIA. The requesters’ are divided into three categories. These three groups pay different fees in order to access the same information. The categories are in terms of intended use of the information or message. For instance, commercial use, educational use, and media use. Information for commercial use, for example, pays reproduction, search, and review fee. On the other hand, information for scientific studies, which are non-commercial levies only reproduction fees and are given the first 100 printable pages at no cost.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Information Security Profile for Air Force Reserve Command specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Occasionally, a fee waiver can be in force that is, pieces of information that their disclosure are deemed to significantly help the public undergo through this process. Public’s access to information empowers them to understand the roles of different government agencies (The Presence of Commercial/External Links, n.d.). Notably, the requester must not use such information for commercial purposes. A deep scrutiny is done to validate the intended use of these pieces of information. These notwithstanding, AFRC ensure information security through provision of mailbox details and website where people can send their FOIA requests. Obviously, this technique ensures information security as no third parties are incorporated in the whole inquiry process. Alternatively, if one needs information for personal use, he/she must prove beyond doubt to the AFRC that he/she is the only person requesting for such information. Specifically, the person must prove his/her identity during requisition. Notably, requesters who have close affiliation to Air force are prohibited from using government materials and equipment like office mail and telephones channels during FOIA requisition. This approach maintains high standard of security for the information available. People are also not required to release their e-mails like organizational and personal e-mails (The Presence of Commercial/External Links, n.d.). This step helps to protect internal information, as it could violate the agency’s regulations. If the information is released through e-mail, it would create unwarranted loopholes that would allow for unauthorized access to certain information hence privacy violation. On situations where one uses his/her personal postal address or e-mail to communicate to AFRC, the details could only be used to communicate back to the person. According to The Presence of Commercial/External Links (n.d.), the infor mation the client has sent can only be shared with a relevant agency dealing in the same line. This control ensures public confidence and loyalty in this organization. Outstandingly, a person is not required to give other personal details like social security numbers during communication. Therefore, the control also protects violation of personal privacy thus maintaining the standards that the organization has set to follow.Advertising Looking for report on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore, AFRC has established a computer system that collects statistical data. During this process, the software in the computer can detect any unauthorized access to a given website (The Presence of Commercial/External Links, n.d.). Internet hackers can alter, damage, or erase all information in a website. Evidently, the organization has put in place a modern technological application that assists in mitigating illegal activities that could tamper with information and violates an individual’s privacy. Simultaneously, this control helps in assessing pieces of information that are mostly read and those that are least read; this also helps in management of sites. Conclusion Conclusively, the controls put forward by AFRC, surely, help in ensuring high standards in service delivery and development of trust among its stakeholders. In addition, the organization has clearly prohibited against accessing private sites, altering information, uploading information, and denying othe r people services. These acts are punishable in court. For example, unauthorized access of password-protected data leads to imprisonment for a term of not more than twenty years or subjection of a fine under the title (Military Introduction, n.d.). Notably, these charges are levied if the victim’s access to the information was for personal financial gain and the act furthered criminal or tortious acts, such as causing physical injuries to any person. Therefore, such controls ought to be fully implemented so that the integrity of the Air force command remains higher than any other organization. References Freedom of Information Act. (n.d.). Air Force Reserve Command. Retrieved from https://www.publicaffairs.af.mil/ Military Introduction. (n.d.). Global Security. Retrieved from https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro/index.html The Presence of Commercial/External Links. (n.d.). Air Force Reserve Command. Retrieved from https://www.afrc.af.mil/ U.S Air Force Reserve Snapsh ot. (2012). Air Force Reserve Command. Retrieved from https://www.afrc.af.mil/ This report on Information Security Profile for Air Force Reserve Command was written and submitted by user Isis Underwood to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Science Projects for Every Subject

Science Projects for Every Subject How many times have you seen a science demonstration or watched a cool video and wished you could do something similar? While having a science lab certainly expands the type of projects you can do, there are many entertaining and fascinating projects you can do using everyday materials found in your own home or classroom. The projects listed here are grouped according to subject, so no matter what youre interested in, youll find an exciting activity. Youll find projects for every age and skill level, generally intended for the home or a basic school lab. To understand the basics of chemical reactions, start with the classic baking soda volcano or get a little more advanced and make your own hydrogen gas. Next,  learn the basics of crystallography with our collection of crystal-related experiments.   For younger students, our bubble-related experiments are simple, safe, and lots of fun. But if youre looking to turn up the heat, explore our collection of fire and smoke experiments.   Because everyone knows science is more fun when you can eat it, try some of our chemistry experiments involving food. And finally, our  weather-related experiments  are perfect for amateur meteorologists any  time of the year.   Turn a Science Project Into a Science Experiment While science projects may be done simply because they are fun and raise interest in a subject, you can use them as the basis for experiments. An experiment is a part of the scientific method. The scientific method, in turn, is a step-by-step process used to ask and answer questions about the natural world. To apply the scientific method, follow these steps: Make observations: Whether youre aware of it or not, you always know something about a subject before you perform a project or experiment with it. Sometimes observations take the form of background research. Sometimes they are qualities of a subject you notice. Its a good idea to keep a notebook to record your experiences before a project. Make notes of anything of interest to you.Propose a hypothesis: Think of a hypothesis in the form of cause and effect. If you take an action, what do you think the effect will be? For the projects in this list, think what might happen if you change the amounts of ingredients or substitute one material for another.Design and perform an experiment: An experiment is a way to test a hypothesis. Example: Do all brands of paper towels pick up the same amount of water? An experiment might be to measure the amount of liquid picked up by different paper towels and see if its the same.Accept or reject the hypothesis: If your hypothesis was that all brands of paper towels are equal, yet your data indicates they picked up different volumes of water, you would reject the hypothesis. Rejecting a hypothesis doesnt mean the science was bad. On the contrary, you can tell more from a rejected hypothesis than an accepted one. Propose a new hypothesis: If you rejected your hypothesis, you can form a new one to test. In other cases, your initial experiment might raise other questions to explore. A Note About Lab Safety Whether you conduct projects in your kitchen or a formal laboratory, keep safety first and foremost in your mind. Always read the instructions and warning labels on chemicals, even common kitchen and cleaning products. In particular, note whether there are restrictions about which chemicals can be stored together and what hazards are associated with the ingredients. Note whether or not a product is toxic or poses a hazard if it is inhaled, ingested, or touches skin.Prepare for an accident before one happens. Know the location of the fire extinguisher and how to use it. Know what to do if you break glassware, accidentally injure yourself, or spill a chemical.Dress appropriately for science. Some projects in this list require no special protective gear. Others are best performed with safety googles, gloves, a lab coat (or old shirt), long pants, and covered shoes.Dont eat or drink around your projects. Many science projects involve materials you dont want to ingest. Also, if youre snacking, youre distracted. Keep your focus on your project.Dont play mad scientist. Young children may think chemistr y is about mixing together chemicals and seeing what happens or that biology involves testing the reactions of animals to different situations. This is not science. Good science is like good cooking. Start by following a protocol to the letter. Once you understand the basic principles, you can expand your experiment in new directions following the principles of the scientific method. A Final Word About Science Projects From each project, youll find links to explore many other science activities. Use these projects as a starting point to ignite interest in science and learn more about a subject. But, dont feel like you need written instructions to continue your exploration of science! You can apply the scientific method to ask and answer any question or explore solutions to any problem. When faced with a question, ask yourself if you can predict an answer and test whether or not it is valid. When you have a problem, use science to logically explore the cause and effect of any action you might take. Before you know it, youll be a scientist.

Informative Paper - Evolution of Internet Governance and Its Effect on Research

Informative - Evolution of Internet Governance and Its Effect on Global Internet Users - Research Paper Example 6). The term governance also had its share of controversy when it came to its interpretation. Many considered governance to have an extremely related meaning to the word government. The meaning, which is accepted by the Internet community, considers governance as governing the conducts and behavior of any institution, inclusive of the non-governmental institutions. A government project formed the origin of the Internet. In 1960, the United States of America sponsored a project considered as the mother of the Internet. This was a resilient communication project mandated with the development of the research named DARPA Net. With time, there took place the invention of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), which evolved the Internet (Gelbstein & Kurbalija 2005, p.11). The Internet is distributed in nature; one of them is the data packets nature to take a different path through any network, enabling the Internet to avoid traditional barriers, as well as control mechan isms. This theory is a total proof that, in the early days, in relation to the Internet, there is no central government, grand design and central planning. This made people consider the Internet as a unique tool, which could offer an alternative solution to the modern politics. In the 1980s, the term Internet governance was introduced, and it described the technical management of the Internet core resources globally. The core resources included IP address, domain names, Internet protocols as well as the root server system. The term Governance was used to show the outstanding differences between government and governance. After the emergence and discoveries of technology advancements such as the telegraph, the government in the early... According to the paper Internet governance is summarized as the act undertaken by Governments, civil society, and the private sector in the role of development and applications; it also involves their respective roles of shared norms, decision making procedures, rules, principles, and other elements that shape the process of Internet evolution. A computer specialist views Internet governance in the form development of various applications and standards. Lawyers focus mostly on the dispute and jurisdiction resolution. The essay makes a conclusion that the evolution of Internet Governance has been a long journey, which at the end has yielded fruits to all Internet users. The World summit on the Information Society has done an outstanding job to make sure that Internet governance is achieved. Other significant players associated with the success of developing and implementing Internet governance include private sectaors, international organizations, governments and young users. Currently, there are large numbers of young users using the Internet and the Internet governance has affected them in various manners. Internet governance has had both positive and negative social effects on the Internet users. However, studies show that the pros outdo the cons; therefore, Internet governance can be considered a success that has had a couple of challenges. Internet governance is a significant contributor towards forming a conductive social environment for the young Internet users. Therefore, the role of Inter net governance to the youth’s social life is of exceptional benefits.